Mol. Hum. Reprod. Advance Access originally published online on February 11, 2005
Molecular Human Reproduction 2005 11(3):223-228; doi:10.1093/molehr/gah152
Molecular Human Reproduction Vol. 11 No. 3 © European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology 2005; all rights reserved
Transmission and prenatal diagnosis of the T9176C mitochondrial DNA mutation
L.J.A.M. Jacobs1,
I.F.M. de Coo2,
J.G. Nijland1,
R.J.H. Galjaard3,
F.J. Los3,
K. Schoonderwoerd4,
M.F. Niermeijer5,
J.P.M. Geraedts1,
H.R. Scholte4 and
H.J.M. Smeets1,6
1Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Research Institute GROW, University of Maastricht, Maastricht and Department of 2Child Neurology, 3Clinical Genetics, 4Biochemistry, Erasmus MC—University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam and 5Department of Human Genetics, University Medical Center, St Radboud, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
6 To whom correspondence should be addressed at: Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Maastricht, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands. Email: bert.smeets{at}molcelb.unimaas.nl
A family presented with three affected children with Leigh syndrome, a progressive neurodegenerative disorder. Analysis of the OXPHOS complexes in muscle of two affected patients showed an increase in activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase and a decrease of complex V activity. Mutation analysis revealed the T9176C mutation in the mtATPase 6 gene (OMIM 516060) and the mutation load was above 90% in the patients. Unaffected maternal relatives were tested for carrier-ship and one of them, with a mutation load of 55% in blood, was pregnant with her first child. The possibility of prenatal diagnosis was evaluated. The main problem was the lack of data on genotype–phenotype associations for the T9176C mutation and on variation of the mutation percentage in tissues and in time. Therefore, multiple tissues of affected and unaffected carriers were analysed. Eventually, prenatal diagnosis was offered with understanding by the couple that there could be considerable uncertainty in the interpretation of the results. Prenatal diagnosis was carried out twice on cultured and uncultured chorion villi and amniotic fluid cells. The result was a mutation percentage just below the assumed threshold of expression (90%). The couple decided to continue the pregnancy and an apparently healthy child was born with an as yet unclear prognosis. This is the first prenatal diagnosis for a carrier of the T9176C mutation. Prenatal diagnosis for this mutation is technically reliable, but the prognostic predictions are not straightforward.
Key words:
Leigh syndrome/mtDNA/PGD/prenatal diagnosis
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