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Mol. Hum. Reprod. Advance Access originally published online on July 28, 2005
Molecular Human Reproduction 2005 11(8):561-566; doi:10.1093/molehr/gah199
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© The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oupjournals.org

Growth dynamics of human leiomyoma cells and inhibitory effects of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-{gamma} ligand, pioglitazone

C.J. Loy, S. Evelyn, F.K. Lim, M.H. Liu and E.L. Yong1

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National University of Singapore, Singapore

1 To whom correspondence should be addressed at: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National University Hospital, Lower Kent Ridge Road, 119074, Singapore. E-mail: obgyel{at}nus.edu.sg

Uterine leiomyomas (fibroids) are the most frequent tumour of the female reproductive tract and are the primary cause of hysterectomies in women worldwide. Effective treatment options are few. In a search for alternative treatments, we have established primary cultures of human leiomyoma cells and adjacent myometrial tissues, and documented their growth dynamics in response to estradiol (E2) and pioglitazone (PIO), a peroxisome proliferation-activated receptor-{gamma} (PPAR{gamma}) ligand, currently in clinical use for type II diabetes mellitus. Human uterine primary cell cultures display morphology and desmin content consistent with their smooth muscle origin. Surprisingly, leiomyoma cells exhibited slower proliferation patterns relative to matched myometrial cells, both in the absence and presence of E2, suggesting that tumour genesis may not be because of increased growth potential but could be related to suppression of growth-inhibiting factors in vivo. PIO significantly inhibited the cell proliferation of both myometrial and leiomyoma cells in a dose-dependent manner. Our results suggest the possibility of using PPAR{gamma} ligands, such as PIO, as therapeutic agents for the conservative management of uterine fibroids.

Key words: diabetes/growth inhibition/leiomyoma/PPAR/pioglitazone


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