Mol. Hum. Reprod. Advance Access originally published online on January 26, 2006
Molecular Human Reproduction 2006 12(1):1-6; doi:10.1093/molehr/gah256
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Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 in the follicle of the menstrual and IVF cycle
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at Göteborg University, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden
1 To whom correspondence should be addressed at: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at Göteborg University, S-413 45 Göteborg, Sweden. E-mail: pernilla.dahm-kahler{at}vgregion.se
2 Present address: Lundbergs Laboratory for Orthopedic Research, Department of Orthopedics, The Sahlgrenska Academy at Göteborg University, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, S-413 45 Göteborg, Sweden
Ovulation constitutes an inflammatory-like process, with macrophages migrating into the follicle. This study evaluates the production of two macrophage-specific chemokines, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and macrophage inflammatory protein-1
(MIP-1), in the human follicle at ovulation. Blood samples, follicular fluids and follicular cells were collected during menstrual and IVF cycles. Levels of MCP-1 and MIP-1 were measured in follicular fluid, blood plasma and cultured media (granulosa, theca and granulosa–lutein cells [GLCs]). Cells were cultured with or without LH, FSH, interleukin (IL)-1, IL-1ß, tumour necrosis factor (TNF) , progesterone or estradiol. The levels of MCP-1 were markedly higher in follicular fluid as compared with blood plasma in both menstrual and IVF cycles. The difference in MCP-1 levels between follicular fluid and plasma in menstrual cycles increased from the follicular phase (three-fold difference) to the late ovulatory phase (25-fold). Levels of MIP-1 were low in plasma and follicular fluid of both menstrual and IVF cycles. Theca cells from follicles of menstrual cycles secreted both MCP-1 and MIP-1 under basal conditions, and the secretion was increased by addition of IL-1ß (MCP-1 and MIP-1) and IL-1 (MCP-1). GLCs secreted MCP-1 under basal conditions and also MIP-1 after IL-1ß stimulation. The macrophage-specific chemokine MCP-1 is highly expressed and is induced by IL-1 in the theca layer of the human follicle at ovulation.
Key words:
chemokine/human/MCP-1/MIP-1/ovulation
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