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Mol. Hum. Reprod. Advance Access originally published online on January 29, 2009
Molecular Human Reproduction 2009 15(3):139-147; doi:10.1093/molehr/gap007
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© The Author 2009. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Control of homologous chromosome division in the mammalian oocyte

Janet E. Holt1 and Keith T. Jones

School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia

1 Correspondence address. School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia. Tel: +61-02-49-21-86-13; Fax: +61-02-49-21-79-03; E-mail: Janet.Holt{at}newcastle.edu.au

Homologous chromosomes are segregated during the first meiotic division (meiosis I). Unfortunately, human oocytes are particularly susceptible to mis-segregation errors, so generating aneuploid, often non-viable, embryos. Here we review the cell biology of meiosis I and how homolog disjunction is regulated for mammalian oocytes. We focus on the activity of the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), which is responsible for timely degradation of the cohesin component, REC8 and the cyclin B regulatory subunit of maturation-promoting factor, both essential steps for meiosis I completion. In particular, we examine the role played by the spindle assembly checkpoint in controlling the APC/C activity, and in so doing ensuring accurate disjunction of homologs.

Key words: oocyte/homologs/meiosis/recombination/aneuploidy

Submitted on October 22, 2008; resubmitted on January 19, 2009; accepted on January 27, 2009.


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