Molecular Human Reproduction, Vol 3, 333-342, Copyright © 1997 by Oxford University Press
M Gruidl, A Buyuksal, A Babaknia, AT Fazleabas, S Sivarajah, PG Satyaswaroop and S Tabibzadeh
Human endometrium undergoes sequential changes during the menstrual cycle
and becomes receptive to implantation during a defined period in the
secretory phase. We attempted to identify the genes expressed during this
period by representational difference analysis (RDA). When the cDNAs of a
proliferative endometrium were used as the driver and the cDNAs of a
post-ovulatory day 5 endometrium were used as the tester, a number of bands
were identified by RDA. DNA of the cloned RDA products revealed that the
majority of the clones contained a fragment of a cDNA identical to that of
a crystallin B chain. Northern blot analysis showed that the expression of
the alpha crystallin B chain mRNA was absent during the proliferative
phase. The expression of the mRNA of alpha crystallin B chain first
appeared in the secretory phase, progressively increased during this phase
and peaked in the late secretory endometria. The pattern of expression of
alpha crystallin B chain mRNA in the endometrium of mature cycling baboons
(Papio anubis) was similar to that seen in human endometrium. As revealed
by Western blot analysis, the expression of the alpha crystallin B chain
protein in human endometrium followed a pattern of expression similar to
its mRNA. At the cellular level, the immunoreactive protein first appeared
in the surface epithelial cells of human endometrium within the
implantation window without significant immunoreactivity in the underlying
glandular cells. During the mid- and late secretory phases, the intensity
of staining in the epithelial cells was enhanced and an intense
immunoreactivity was developed in the glandular epithelium, alpha
crystallin B chain was virtually an epithelial product and no
immunoreactivity for this protein was detectable in the stromal cells,
endothelial cells or lymphoid cells. The expression of alpha crystallin B
chain could be regulated, by medroxy progesterone acetate as well as by
oestrogen withdrawal, in human endometrial carcinoma cells (EnCa- 101),
transplanted to nude mice. Based on the data presented here, the known
function of alpha crystallin B chain and its distinct pattern of expression
in human endometrium, we suggest that this protein is an important factor
within the molecular repertoire that makes endometrium receptive to
implantation.
JOURNAL ARTICLE
The progressive rise in the expression of alpha crystallin B chain in human endometrium is initiated during the implantation window: modulation of gene expression by steroid hormones
Department of Pathology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
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