Molecular Human Reproduction, Vol 4, 939-945, Copyright © 1998 by Oxford University Press
K Steger, T Klonisch, K Gavenis, B Drabent, D Doenecke and M Bergmann
The most important event determining the nuclear status of sperm cells is
the replacement of histones by protamines, which are the basic nuclear
proteins of mature spermatozoa. A first step in this exchange is the
displacement of histones by transition proteins (TP). Our study
demonstrates, for the first time, the sequential expression of the
testis-specific histone (H1t) and the transition proteins (TP1 and TP2)
during normal human spermatogenesis. H1t mRNA could only be detected in the
cytoplasm of mid and late pachytene spermatocytes. Concomitant with the
onset of H1t transcription, the H1t protein appeared in the nuclei of
pachytene spermatocytes and remain as a nuclear protein constituent up to
step 5 spermatids. While transition protein 1 gene TNP-1 mRNA was present
in spermatids from step 2 to early step 4, the TP1 protein occured, with
temporal delay, in the nuclei of step 3 and step 4 spermatids. The TP2
protein was observed in the nuclei of spermatids from step 1 to step 5. The
transition protein 2 gene TNP-2 mRNA was only detected by reverse
transcription-polymerase chain reaction, but not on paraffin sections.
These data demonstrate a strong temporal association between H1t gene
transcription and synthesis of the H1t protein. Since the TP1 protein
appeared with temporal delay we can assume that the corresponding TNP-1
mRNA is translationally delayed.
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Expression of mRNA and protein of nucleoproteins during human spermiogenesis
Institut fur Anatomie und Zellbiologie, Halle (Saale), Germany.
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