Molecular Human Reproduction, Vol. 6, No. 6, 510-516,
June 2000
© 2000 European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology
Embryo development |
Cytoskeletal organization defects and abortive activation in human oocytes after IVF and ICSI failure
1 Centro de Estudios en Ginecología y Reproducción, CEGyR, 1055-Buenos Aires, Argentina and 2 The Jones Institute for Reproductive Medicine, Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA
Abstract
In this study, we analysed the distribution of ß tubulins to detect spindle and cytoplasmic microtubules, 
acetylated tubulins for sperm microtubules and chromatin configuration in oocytes showing fertilization failure after conventional IVF or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). A total of 450 human oocytes that failed to fertilize were studied 20–40 h after IVF or ICSI. In all, 287 oocytes were stained for immunofluorescence and chromosomal spreads were performed by Tarkowski's air-drying method in 163 IVF or ICSI oocytes that did not develop pronuclei after the extrusion of a second polar body. Immunofluorescence analysis showed that the main reason of fertilization failure after IVF was no sperm penetration (55.5%). The remaining oocytes showed different abnormal patterns, e.g. oocyte activation failure (15.1%) and defects in pronuclei apposition (19.2%). On the other hand, fertilization failure after ICSI was mainly associated to incomplete oocyte activation (39.9%), and to a lesser extent with defects in pronuclei apposition (22.6%) and failure of sperm penetration (13.3%). A further 13.3% of the ICSI oocytes arrested their development at the metaphase of the first mitotic division. The chromosomal spreads allowed the analysis of abortive activations, in which no pronuclei formed but a second polar body was extruded. Immunofluorescence and cytogenetic analysis provided a useful tool to improve infertility diagnosis and prognosis in each particular case.
abortive activation/cytoskeletal organization/fertilization failure/microtubules
Notes
3 To whom correspondence should be addressed at: Centro de Estudios en ginecología y Reproducción, CEGyR, IOSS-Buenos Aires, Argentina. E-mail: Vanerawe{at}hotmail.com
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