Molecular Human Reproduction, Vol. 6, No. 7, 595-601,
July 2000
© 2000 European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology
Uterine physiology |
The endometrium as a novel target for leptin: differences in fertility and subfertility
1 Department of Anatomy and Reproductive Biology, Wendlingweg 2, RWTH University of Aachen, 52057 Aachen, 2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pauwelsstraße 30, RWTH University of Aachen, 52057 Aachen, and 3 Institute of Reproductive Medicine, 66111 Saarbrücken, Germany
Abstract
Leptin and its receptor are involved in endocrine and paracrine regulation of metabolism, obesity and reproduction. Here, we describe the detection of the functional long isoform receptor of leptin in human endometrium. The leptin receptor protein was shown to be expressed in glandular and luminal epithelium and is periodically regulated throughout the menstrual cycle, demonstrating main expression in follicular and mid-luteal phase. In contrast, leptin receptor mRNA is detectable by reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR) as a constitutive component. Since RT–PCR analyses showed that leptin is not expressed in this tissue, the present study suggests that the human endometrium is a novel target for leptin. Therefore, we investigated 11 subfertile patients who underwent two biopsies in one menstrual cycle. The patients presented with a repetitive endometrial maturation defect, but showed adequate serum hormone concentrations and normal steroid hormone receptor expression and down-regulation in the endometrium. These patients were, however, deficient for expression of the functional leptin receptor. These analyses provide evidence that the lack of the leptin receptor in an ovulatory cycle may contribute to subfertility by a yet undefined `endometrial factor'.
endometrium/functional leptin receptor/immunohistochemistry/RT–PCR/subfertility
Notes
4 To whom correspondence should be addressed at: Department of Anatomy and Reproductive Biology, Wendlingweg 2, RWTH University of Aachen, 52057 Aachen, Germany. E-mail: jalfer{at}post.klinikum.rwth-aachen.de
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