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Molecular Human Reproduction, Vol. 7, No. 6, 497-503, June 2001
© 2001 European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology

Testis and spermatogenesis

Localization of oestrogen receptors alpha and beta in human testis

Sirpa Mäkinen1,2, Sari Mäkelä1,3, Zhang Weihua1, Margaret Warner1, Björn Rosenlund2, Saija Salmi3, Outi Hovatta2,4 and Jan-Åke Gustafsson1

1 Karolinska Institutet, Department of Medical Nutrition and 2 Department of Clinical Science, Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Huddinge University Hospital, S-141 86 Huddinge, Sweden and 3 University of Turku, Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Anatomy, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland

Abstract

Cellular localization of oestrogen receptor alpha (ER{alpha}) and beta (ERß) proteins were studied in human testis samples using immunohistochemistry, and the expression of the corresponding mRNA was examined with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Seven men, aged 28–48 years, who underwent diagnostic testicular biopsy because of azoospermia or to give spermatozoa for intracytoplasmic injection for infertility treatment, donated tissue for the study. One of them had anejaculation but normally functioning testes, and one was diagnosed as having Sertoli cell-only syndrome (SCOS). In addition, expression of ERß protein was examined in one testis sample obtained from a man undergoing a sex change operation. Strong ERß immunoreactivity was detected in the nuclei of spermatogonia, spermatocytes and early developing spermatids. Elongating spermatids, mature spermatozoa, Sertoli and Leydig cells were all negative for ERß. The presence of ERß protein was confirmed in Western analysis. With RT–PCR, both wild-type ERß and ERßcx, the isoform which represses wild-type ER function, were easily detected. In most cases, ERßcx mRNA was more abundantly expressed than wild-type ERß. The patient with SCOS expressed neither ERß isoform. Neither ER{alpha} protein nor ER{alpha} mRNA was detected in any of the samples. We conclude that in the human testis, ERß is likely to be the ER that mediates the effects of oestrogen.

human/oestrogen/oestrogen receptor/spermatogenesis/testis

Notes

4 To whom correspondence should be addressed.


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