Molecular Human Reproduction, Vol. 8, No. 9, 789-796,
September 2002
© 2002 European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology
Reproductive endocrinology |
Relaxin enhances in-vitro invasiveness of breast cancer cell lines by up-regulation of matrix metalloproteases
1 Department of Hematology/Oncology, Georg-August-University, Robert-Koch Str. 40, D-37075 Göttingen and 2 Department of Reproductive Biology, German Primate Center, Göttingen, Germany
Until recently, relaxin (RLX) has been known predominantly for its effects on the reproductive system, where it induces remodelling of the extracellular matrix and up-regulation of matrix metalloproteases (MMPs). In solid cancers, tissue remodelling and MMP activation are essential for invasion and metastasis. We therefore investigated the effect of RLX on invasiveness and MMP expression of human breast cancer cell lines. Upon incubation with porcine RLX, the invasiveness of SK-BR3 cells was significantly increased. Similar effects could be achieved in MCF-7 cells, especially when RLX was combined with epidermal growth factor. Enhanced invasiveness was accompanied by up-regulation of MMP production and could be almost completely blocked by the MMP inhibitor FN 439. Zymography revealed increased secretion of MMP-2, -7 and -9, associated with up-regulated mRNA concentrations of MMP-2, -9, -13 and -14. mRNA expression levels of MMP-1, -3, -7, -8, -10, -11, -12 and of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteases-1, -2, -3 and -4 were either very low or not detectably influenced by RLX. Taken together, RLX enhances in-vitro invasiveness of breast cancer cell lines by induction of MMP expression. It remains to be clarified whether RLX might play a similar role in vivo and promote tumour progression.
breast cancer/invasion/matrix metalloproteases/relaxin
3 To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: cbinder{at}med.uni-goettingen.de
CiteULike 
Connotea 
Del.icio.us What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  S. Ganesh, M. Gonzalez Edick, N. Idamakanti, M. Abramova, M. VanRoey, M. Robinson, C.-O. Yun, and K. Jooss Relaxin-Expressing, Fiber Chimeric Oncolytic Adenovirus Prolongs Survival of Tumor-Bearing Mice Cancer Res., May 1, 2007; 67(9): 4399 - 4407. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T.-Y. Ho, W. Yan, and C. A. Bagnell Relaxin-induced matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression is associated with activation of the NF-{kappa}B pathway in human THP-1 cells J. Leukoc. Biol., May 1, 2007; 81(5): 1303 - 1310. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Feng, I. U. Agoulnik, N. V. Bogatcheva, A. A. Kamat, B. Kwabi-Addo, R. Li, G. Ayala, M. M. Ittmann, and A. I. Agoulnik Relaxin Promotes Prostate Cancer Progression Clin. Cancer Res., March 15, 2007; 13(6): 1695 - 1702. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Jeyabalan, J. Novak, K. D. Doty, J. Matthews, M. C. Fisher, L. J. Kerchner, and K. P. Conrad Vascular Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Mediates the Inhibition of Myogenic Reactivity in Small Arteries Isolated from Rats after Short-Term Administration of Relaxin Endocrinology, January 1, 2007; 148(1): 189 - 197. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Hombach-Klonisch, J. Bialek, B. Trojanowicz, E. Weber, H.-J. Holzhausen, J. D. Silvertown, A. J. Summerlee, H. Dralle, C. Hoang-Vu, and T. Klonisch Relaxin Enhances the Oncogenic Potential of Human Thyroid Carcinoma Cells Am. J. Pathol., August 1, 2006; 169(2): 617 - 632. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. A. Figueiredo, A. L. Mui, C. C. Nelson, and M. E. Cox Relaxin Stimulates Leukocyte Adhesion and Migration through a Relaxin Receptor LGR7-dependent Mechanism J. Biol. Chem., February 10, 2006; 281(6): 3030 - 3039. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. T. Nguyen and C. W. Dessauer Relaxin Stimulates Protein Kinase C {zeta} Translocation: Requirement for Cyclic Adenosine 3',5'-Monophosphate Production Mol. Endocrinol., April 1, 2005; 19(4): 1012 - 1023. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. Hagemann, S. C. Robinson, M. Schulz, L. Trumper, F. R. Balkwill, and C. Binder Enhanced invasiveness of breast cancer cell lines upon co-cultivation with macrophages is due to TNF-{alpha} dependent up-regulation of matrix metalloproteases Carcinogenesis, August 1, 2004; 25(8): 1543 - 1549. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. D. Silvertown, B. J. Geddes, and A. J. S. Summerlee Adenovirus-Mediated Expression of Human Prorelaxin Promotes the Invasive Potential of Canine Mammary Cancer Cells Endocrinology, August 1, 2003; 144(8): 3683 - 3691. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|