Molecular Human Reproduction, Vol. 9, No. 1, 53-58,
January 2003
© 2003 European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology
Article |
Interrelationships of interleukin-8 with interleukin-1ß and neutrophils in vaginal fluid of healthy and bacterial vaginosis positive women
Submitted on July 11, 2002; accepted on October 15, 2002
1 Department of Biomedical Sciences and Technologies, School of Medicine, University of Udine, Piazzale Kolbe 4, 33100 Udine, 2 Obstetric and Gynecologic Unit, Department of Reproductive and Development Sciences, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Trieste, Via dell’Istria 65/1, 34100 Trieste, 3 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sant’Orsola Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Bologna,Via Massarenti, 40138 Bologna and 4 Azienda Servizi Sanitari N. 4 Medio Friuli, Via San Valentino, 33100 Udine, Italy 5 To whom correspondence should be addressed. e-mail: scauci{at}mail.dstb.uniud.it
Vaginal innate immunity in response to microbial perturbation is still poorly understood and could be crucial for protection from adverse outcomes. We investigated the relationship between interleukin (IL)-8, IL-1ß and neutrophils in vaginal fluid obtained from 60 healthy women and 51 women who were bacterial vaginosis (BV) positive. Concentrations of IL-8 and IL-1ß were highly correlated with counts of neutrophils in vaginal fluid of the entire population examined (111 subjects). Vaginal IL-1ß concentrations were significantly higher (P < 0.001) in BV positive women. There was no significant difference in IL-8 levels or number of neutrophils between healthy controls and BV positive women. None of the healthy controls with high neutrophil counts (
75th percentile, 14 average count per field) had high concentrations of IL-1ß (75th percentile, 220 pg/ml), whereas 84% of BV positive women with high neutrophil counts had high IL-1ß concentrations (P < 0.001). On the contrary, no difference in the percentage of subjects with elevated concentrations of IL-8 (75th percentile, 2842 pg/ml) was found between healthy and BV positive women with high numbers of neutrophils (55.5% of healthy versus 53% of BV positive women). Our findings show that BV causes a large increase in IL-1ß concentrations which is not paralleled by an increase in IL-8 concentrations in vaginal fluid, suggesting that BV-associated factors more specifically dampen IL-8 rather than IL-1ß. The lack of an increase in IL-8 may explain the absence of an increase in neutrophil numbers in most women exposed to abnormal vaginal colonization (BV).
Key words: bacterial vaginosis/interleukin-1ß/interleukin-8/mucosal innate immunity/vaginal leukocytes
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