Molecular Human Reproduction, Vol. 9, No. 10, 625-629,
October 2003
© 2003 European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology
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In-vitro secretion of proinflammatory cytokines by human amniochorion carrying hyper-responsive gene polymorphisms of tumour necrosis factor-
and interleukin-1ß
Submitted on April 7, 2003; accepted on June 11, 2003
1 Department of Ultrastructure and 2 Direction of Research, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia, Montes Urales 800, Lomas de Virreyes, Mexico City 11000, Mexico, 3 Immunology Department, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biologicas, IPN, Prol. de Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Mexico City 11340, Mexico and 4 Center for Research on Reproduction and Women’s Health, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA 5 Present address: Division of Molecular Diagnostics, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 3550 Terrace Street, 701 Scaife Hall, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
6 To whom correspondence should be addressed. e-mail: felipe.vadillo{at}uia.mx
The identification of polymorphisms in genes encoding proinflammatory cytokines that affect transcription or the secretion rate has opened new ways to understand the variation in responses to infection during pregnancy. In this study, human amniochorion carrying hyper-responsive alleles of tumour necrosis factor-
(TNF-: TNF*2 at –308) and interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß: IL-1*2 at +3953) were stimulated in vitro with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and compared with tissues carrying the common alleles (TNF*1 and IL-1*1). Fetal membranes carrying the TNF*1 allele displayed an identical dose–response pattern to tissues carrying a TNF*2 allele, except at the highest dose of LPS tested (50 ng/ml) there was a significantly greater production of TNF- in the presence of a TNF*2 allele. Membranes carrying the IL-1*2 polymorphism secreted IL-1ß in a dose–response curve that was different from IL-1* tissues when challenged with 5, 10 and 50 ng/ml LPS. These observations support the hypothesis that reproductive tissues carrying hyper-responsive proinflammatory cytokine genes may over-respond to intrauterine infection secreting higher amounts of cytokines, which in turn, may lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Key words: chorioamnion/IL-1 gene polymorphism/infection during pregnancy/preterm labour/TNF- gene polymorphism
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