Mol. Hum. Reprod. Advance Access originally published online on December 5, 2005
Molecular Human Reproduction 2005 11(10):719-722; doi:10.1093/molehr/gah224
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© The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oupjournals.org
HLA-G5 expression by trophoblast cells: the facts
Service de Recherches en Hémato-Immunologie, CEA-DSV-DRM, Hôpital Saint Louis, IUH, Paris, France
1 To whom correspondence should be addressed at: Service de Recherche en Hémato-Immunologie, CEA-DSV-DRM, Hôpital Saint Louis, IUH, 1 avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, France. E-mail: carosella@dsvidf.cea.fr
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The non-classical HLA Class I molecule HLA-G was discovered at the fetal–maternal interface, but over the past few years, the tissue distribution of HLA-G in normal tissues has been found to be broader than originally reported: (i) HLA-G molecules have been detected from oocyte to blastocyst stage, then in invasive trophoblast, amniotic cells and fluid, endothelial cells from the chorionic villi and erythroid cells in all organs sustaining primitive to definitive erythropoiesis and (ii) in adult tissues, HLA-G antigens have been detected in thymic epithelial cells, in the epithelium, endothelium and keratocytes from cornea and in cells of the erythropoietic lineage from bone marrow. Additionally, HLA-G ectopic expression was demonstrated in various pathological situations such as cancer, transplantation, viral infection, inflammation and auto-immune diseases (reviewed in Carosella et al., 2003
). Concerning soluble HLA-G, both shed HLA-G1 and HLA-G5 proteins have been detected in various body fluids, such as