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Mol. Hum. Reprod. Advance Access published online on February 11, 2005
Molecular Human Reproduction, doi:10.1093/molehr/gah152
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Molecular Human Reproduction © European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology 2005; all rights reserved
Received October 20, 2004
Accepted January 7, 2005

Article

Transmission and prenatal diagnosis of the T9176C mitochondrial DNA mutation

L.J.A.M. Jacobs 1, I.F.M. de Coo 2, J.G. Nijland 1, R.J.H. Galjaard 3, F.J. Los 3, K. Schoonderwoerd 4, M.F. Niermeijer 5, J.P.M. Geraedts 1, H.R. Scholte 4, and H.J.M. Smeets 1*

1 Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Research Institute GROW, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
2 Department of Child Neurology, Erasmus MC--University Medical Center, The Netherlands
3 , Department ofClinical Genetics, Erasmus MC--University Medical Center, The Netherlands
4 , Department ofBiochemistry, Erasmus MC--University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
5 Department of Human Genetics, University Medical Center, St Radboud, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
H.J.M. Smeets, E-mail: bert.smeets{at}molcelb.unimaas.nl


  Abstract

A family presented with three affected children with Leigh syndrome, a progressive neurodegenerative disorder. Analysis of the OXPHOS complexes in muscle of two affected patients showed an increase in activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase and a decrease of complex V activity. Mutation analysis revealed the T9176C mutation in the mtATPase 6 gene (OMIM 516060) and the mutation load was above 90% in the patients. Unaffected maternal relatives were tested for carrier-ship and one of them, with a mutation load of 55% in blood, was pregnant with her first child. The possibility of prenatal diagnosis was evaluated. The main problem was the lack of data on genotype-phenotype associations for the T9176C mutation and on variation of the mutation percentage in tissues and in time. Therefore, multiple tissues of affected and unaffected carriers were analysed. Eventually, prenatal diagnosis was offered with understanding by the couple that there could be considerable uncertainty in the interpretation of the results. Prenatal diagnosis was carried out twice on cultured and uncultured chorion villi and amniotic fluid cells. The result was a mutation percentage just below the assumed threshold of expression (90%). The couple decided to continue the pregnancy and an apparently healthy child was born with an as yet unclear prognosis. This is the first prenatal diagnosis for a carrier of the T9176C mutation. Prenatal diagnosis for this mutation is technically reliable, but the prognostic predictions are not straightforward.

Keywords: Leigh syndrome; mtDNA; PGD; prenatal diagnosis.
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