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Mol. Hum. Reprod. Advance Access published online on April 26, 2006
Molecular Human Reproduction, doi:10.1093/molehr/gal041
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© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org
Received March 8, 2006
Accepted March 22, 2006

Article

Aromatase expression in endometriotic tissues and cell cultures of patients with endometriosis

I. Velasco 1 *, J. Rueda 2, and P. Acién 3

1 Division of Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Miguel Hernández University, Spain
2 Department of Histology, School of Medicine, Miguel Hernández University, Spain
3 Division of Gynaecology; Service of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, San Juan University Hospital, Alicante, Spain

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
I. Velasco, E-mail: ivelasco{at}umh.es


  Abstract

Cytochrome P-450 aromatase is responsible for catalysing the conversion of androstendione into estrone, so its expression in endometriotic tissue could contribute to the development of endometriosis. The aims of this study were, on the one hand, to determine the presence of aromatase in eutopic and ectopic endometrium, healthy peritoneum, myometrium and leiomyomas from patients with (n = 61) and without endometriosis (n = 12) and, on the other hand, to determine the effect of peritoneal fluid (PF), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF{alpha}) on aromatase activity from endometriotic stromal cells and subcutaneous adipocytes. After immunohistochemical analysis, aromatase expression was detected in the endometriotic tissue of 61% of patients, whereas the rest of the tissues, as well as those from disease-free women, were negative. Cell cultures were made to determine aromatase activity in endometriotic stromal cells and adipocytes. The addition of PF, TNF{alpha} and especially IL-6 (P < 0.05) stimulated the basal enzymatic activity observed in both cell types. Our findings confirm the presence of aromatase in endometriosis and probably the existence of a local estrogen production that may be stimulated by some factors such as cytokines present in the PF of these patients. Therefore, the use of aromatase inhibitors combined with immunomodulator agents could be a novel approach to be investigated in future clinical trials.

Keywords: aromatase/endometriosis/IL-6/peritoneal fluid/TNF{alpha}.
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