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Mol. Hum. Reprod. Advance Access published online on November 2, 2007
Molecular Human Reproduction, doi:10.1093/molehr/gam076
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© The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Analysis of Replication Protein A (RPA) in human spermatogenesis

Maria Oliver-Bonet1, Mercedes Campillo2, Paul J Turek3, E Ko1 and RH Martin1,4

1Department of Medical Genetics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada T2N 4N1 2Laboratori de Medicina Computacional, Unitat de Bioestadística, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain 3Departments of Urology, Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-1695, USA

4 To whom correspondence should be addressed: Dr. Renée H. Martin, Department of Genetics, 3330 Hospital Dr, NW Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 4N1, email: rhmartin{at}ucalgary.ca

Replication Protein A (RPA) has been identified as a component of early recombination nodules. It is thought to stimulate homologous pairing and strand exchange reactions. The expression pattern of RPA in human spermatocytes has been analyzed using immunocytogenetic techniques on testicular biopsies from adult male patients. What appears to be connecting RPA-filaments was observed between as yet unsynapsed homologous regions at early stages of zygotene. RPA foci were also observed in synaptic segments at zygotene and early pachytene, in numbers that peak at the end of zygotene. The presence of a localization pattern for RPA was also detected, but statistical analysis of distances between adjacent RPA foci shows that this pattern does not always follow a gamma distribution. Finally, it was determined that RPA is absent from non-centromeric heterochromatin in chromosome 9. The observed bridge-like structure could be the visualization of a proposed pre-synaptic RPA role in the strand invasion that precedes the formation of a Holliday Junction. These observations strengthen the original pre-synaptic model, although the visualization of post-synaptic RPA foci may indicate the presence of a different role for this protein during homologous recombination.

Submitted on July 4, 2007; accepted on September 20, 2007.


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