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Mol. Hum. Reprod. Advance Access published online on January 31, 2008
Molecular Human Reproduction, doi:10.1093/molehr/gan007
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© The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Investigation of the role of SRC in capacitation associated tyrosine phosphorylation of human spermatozoa

Lisa A. Mitchell1,2, Brett Nixon1, Mark A. Baker1,2 and R. John Aitken1,2,3

1Reproductive Science Group, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia 2ARC Centre of Excellence in Biotechnology and Development, Discipline of Biological Sciences, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308 , Australia

3 To whom correspondence should be addressed: ARC Centre of Excellence in Biotechnology and Development, Discipline of Biological Sciences, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia Tel: +61 2 4921 2082 Fax: +61 2 4921 6308 Email: john.aitken{at}newcastle.edu.au

The process of capacitation is a pre-requisite for mammalian spermatozoa allowing them to gain the ability to fertilize an oocyte. A fundamental part of this mechanism is a dramatic increase in the level of tyrosine phosphorylation. Implicated in this process is a unique cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA)-mediated pathway involving an intermediate PKA-activated tyrosine kinase suggested to be pp60c-src (SRC) in the mouse. This study has verified the importance of SRC as a key intermediate kinase in promoting the tyrosine phosphorylation events associated with human sperm capacitation. The presence of SRC in human spermatozoa was confirmed immunocytochemically and the kinase was localized to subcellular domains compatible with a role in tyrosine phosphorylation. Additionally SRC co-immunoprecipitated with PKA and became activated by phosphorylation of the Y416 residue during human sperm capacitation. Furthermore, the suppression of PKA and SRC through the application of specific inhibitors led to a dramatic decrease in tyrosine phosphorylation. However, while the inhibition of PKA was also accompanied by a suppression of sperm motility, SRC inhibition did not induce a similar response.

Key Words: spermatozoa/capacitation/tyrosine phosphorylation/SRC

Submitted on October 31, 2007; resubmitted on January 13, 2008; accepted on January 25, 2008.


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