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Mol. Hum. Reprod. Advance Access published online on May 14, 2009
Molecular Human Reproduction, doi:10.1093/molehr/gap031
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© The Author 2009. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

The signal pathway of gonadotropins-induced mammalian oocyte meiotic resumption

Meijia Zhang, Hong Ouyang and Guoliang Xia*

State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P.R. China

* Corresponding author: Guoliang Xia Ph.D., Professor, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China, Tel.: +86-10-62733456, Fax: +86-10-62733456, E-mail: glxiachina{at}sohu.com

Fully grown mammalian oocytes are arrested at the first meiotic prophase until a surge of gonadotropin at the mid-cycle. The actions of gonadotropins, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), on oocyte meiotic resumption are believed to be mediated in large part through increasing the production of cyclic adenosine 3’,5’-monophosphate (cAMP) and subsequent activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in its surrounding cumulus granulosa cells. Recent findings indicate that gonadotropins-induced epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like growth factors, meiosis activating sterol (MAS) and gonadal steroid hormones, possibly via protein kinase A II (PKAII) and protein kinase C (PKC) pathways, are involved in the activation of MAPK. Another second messenger guanosine 3’,5’-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) induced by nitric oxide or natriuretic peptides system mediates the function of gonadotropins during oocyte meiotic resumption. FSH and LH induced pathways may either directly overlap or each hormone may utilize redundant pathways in oocyte maturation. A detailed appreciation of different FSH and LH-activated signaling pathways in mammalian oocytes will be needed in understanding their actions in follicular development and oocyte maturation.

Key Words: oocyte maturation/meiosis/kinases/signal transduction/gonadotropin

Submitted on October 28, 2008; resubmitted on May 4, 2009; accepted on May 5, 2009.


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